Why
To increase
- speed
- efficiency
- scalability
of Ethereum network.
Plasma
A Plasma chain is a separate blockchain anchored to Ethereum Mainnet but executing transactions off-chain with its own mechanism for block validation. Plasma chains are sometimes referred to as “child” chains, essentially smaller copies of the Ethereum Mainnet. Plasma chains use fraud proofs (like optimistic rollups) to arbitrate disputes.
Purpose
Plasma chains are built atop another blockchain (called a “root chain”). Each “child chain” extends from the root chain and is generally managed by a smart contract deployed on the parent chain.
cons
- massive exit problem
The Beacon Chain
The Beacon Chain introduced proof-of-stake to the Ethereum ecosystem.
It was merged with the original Ethereum proof-of-work chain in September 2022.
The Beacon Chain introduced the consensus logic and block gossip protocol which now secures Ethereum.